Apple released the M3 Ultra instead of the M4 Ultra for several reasons, according to speculation and information from Apple:
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UltraFusion technology: The M4 Max chip reportedly lacks the UltraFusion connector needed to combine two chips into an Ultra variant1. This technological limitation prevented Apple from creating an M4 Ultra.
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Deliberate strategy: Apple told journalists that not every chip generation will include an “Ultra” tier2. This suggests a planned approach to chip releases rather than a technical limitation.
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Production challenges: Bloomberg’s Mark Gurman reported that Apple is reluctant to develop an M4 Ultra chip from scratch due to production challenges, costs, and the relatively small sales volume of its desktop computers1.
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Hybrid approach: The M3 Ultra is described as a cross between M3 and M4 technologies, featuring Thunderbolt 5 support and up to 512GB of unified memory, which are improvements over the M3 Max34.
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Performance considerations: Despite being based on the M3 architecture, the M3 Ultra still outperforms the M4 Max in certain areas, particularly in GPU-intensive tasks3.
This approach allows Apple to offer a high-performance option while potentially aligning future Ultra chip releases with specific product launches, such as an updated Mac Pro1.